Designed by: Christian Gobrecht
Issue Date: 1853
Composition: 90% silver, 10% copper
Diameter: 24.3 mm
Weight: 6.22 grams (95.98 grains)
Edge: Reeded
Business Strike Mintage: 16,542,000
Proof Mintage: Fewer than 10

1853 Liberty Seated Quarter – Arrows and Rays Type | First Weight Reduction in U.S. Quarter History

The 1853 Liberty Seated Quarter with Arrows and Rays marks a pivotal moment in U.S. coinage history. In response to rising silver prices during the California Gold Rush, the U.S. Mint reduced the authorized weight of quarter dollars from 103.125 grains to 96 grains. To visually distinguish the new, lighter coins from earlier issues, the Mint added arrowheads flanking the date and introduced a striking rays design behind the eagle on the reverse.

Struck only in 1853, this Arrows and Rays subtype is highly desirable among collectors and is recognized as a distinct one-year type in all major numismatic references. The coins were produced at both the Philadelphia Mint (15,210,000 struck) and the New Orleans Mint (1,332,000 struck), with Philadelphia issues being more readily available in the marketplace today.

The obverse features Christian Gobrecht’s Liberty Seated design, with Miss Liberty seated on a rock, holding a shield and liberty pole. The reverse showcases a powerful heraldic eagle, now enhanced with radiant sunburst-style rays, adding visual depth and historical significance.

For type set collectors and investors, the 1853 Arrows and Rays Quarter offers a unique opportunity to own a classic transitional issue. Circulated examples from Good to Extremely Fine grades are relatively accessible. However, AU (About Uncirculated) specimens are increasingly scarce, and true Mint State coins—especially those graded MS-63 and higher—are in strong demand and seldom encountered.

In 1854 and 1855, the rays were removed while the arrows remained, creating a second “with arrows” subtype. Thus, collectors often distinguish 1853 as a standalone design type, making it a key inclusion in any Liberty Seated quarter type set.

With historical context, aesthetic appeal, and increasing demand, the 1853 Liberty Seated Quarter with Arrows and Rays stands out as one of the most important 19th-century silver quarter designs. Whether you're a seasoned collector or building a high-end type registry, this iconic coin delivers both investment potential and numismatic significance.