1859 1C (Regular Strike)

The 1859 Indian Head Cent is a significant coin in American numismatic history, being the inaugural issue of the Indian Head cent series designed by James Barton Longacre. This one-cent coin was minted at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the only mint facility producing this denomination that year. The obverse design features the bust of Lady Liberty wearing a Native American headdress, which led to the misnomer "Indian Head Cent." ### Rarity and Mintage The 1859 Indian Head Cent has a total mintage of 36,400,000 coins, according to PCGS CoinFacts. Despite the relatively high mintage for that period, this cent is considered a classic collectible due to its status as the first of its kind. However, its availability in high grades significantly influences its rarity. In uncirculated conditions, especially those graded MS65 or higher, these coins become much scarcer and are highly sought after by collectors. #### PCGS Information - **Mint Location:** Philadelphia - **Mintage:** 36,400,000 - **PCGS Number:** 2051 ### Collecting and Value **Grades and Market Value:** The value of an 1859 Indian Head Cent varies widely based on its condition. In lower grades, such as Good-4 and Very Good-8, the coin typically remains affordable for most collectors. As you move to higher grades, the price increases considerably. For example: - **MS60:** Values can start at several hundred dollars. - **MS65:** Prices can easily exceed $2,000, and auctions might see even higher prices depending on the coin's eye appeal, color, and any notable certification labels. ### Historical Context When the 1859 Indian Head Cent was introduced, it marked a shift from the earlier large cent designs to a smaller, more economically feasible coin. The copper-nickel composition (88% copper and 12% nickel) was used to provide a harder and more durable coin that could withstand circulation, which was a hot topic during an era when small change was heavily trafficked in daily commerce. ### Noteworthy Sales In high-grade conditions, Indian Head Cents from 1859 have reached impressive figures in auction settings: - **An MS66 grade example** might fetch between $6,000 to $12,000, depending on market conditions and provenance. - **Particularly high sales have occurred** when the coin demonstrates exceptional luster or has been part of a renowned coin collection. ### Long-Term Collectability From a numismatist's point of view, the 1859 Indian Head Cent is not just a reflection of American minting innovation but also a testament to the evolving artistry and technological advances of the U.S. Mint. This particular year spearheads the Indian Head Cent series, making it a cornerstone for any complete collection. Collectors often pursue this first-year issue due to its unique reverse featuring a laurel wreath—later modified to an oak wreath with a shield in 1860—to complete their collections of the entire series, which transitioned throughout several metal compositions and designs until 1909. In essence, the 1859 1C Regular Strike is emblematic of numismatic tradition, making it an essential acquisition for enthusiasts and investors alike. Whether you're looking for a circulated example or an uncirculated gem, its rich history and collectible appeal remain undeniably potent in the coin collecting community.