Liberty Seated Half Dime (1837 - 1873)

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The Liberty Seated Half Dime, crafted by Christian Gobrecht, stands as a hallmark of 19th-century U.S. coinage. First minted in 1837, this enduring design underwent numerous updates over its production span, showcasing both artistic evolution and practical adjustments.

Key Details

  • Designer: Christian Gobrecht
  • Minting Years: 1837–1873
  • Metal Composition: 90% silver, 10% copper
  • Diameter: 15.5 mm
  • Weight: 1.33 grams (20.62 grains, pre-1853); 1.24 grams (19.2 grains, post-1853)
  • Edge Style: Reeded

Design Transformations

  1. No Stars Obverse (1837–1838): The original design showcased Liberty seated on a rock, with an open wreath reverse.
  2. Stars Added (1838–1859): Stars were added around Liberty in 1838, and drapery under her left elbow was introduced in 1840.
  3. Arrows at Date (1853–1855): Arrows were added to the date to indicate a reduction in coin weight due to rising silver prices.
  4. Legend Obverse (1860–1873): The stars on the obverse were replaced with UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, and the reverse wreath was enlarged.

Notable Types & Collectibility

Type 1: No Stars (1837–1838-O)

  • Key Features: The absence of stars creates a unique cameo-like effect.
  • Rarity: The 1838-O is exceptionally rare in Uncirculated grades, while 1837 examples are more commonly available.

Type 2: Stars, No Arrows (1838–1853, 1856–1859)

  • Key Features: Drapery under Liberty’s elbow was added in 1840.
  • Rarity: Key varieties include 1849-O and 1853-O (without arrows).

Type 3: Arrows at Date (1853–1855)

  • Key Features: Arrowheads flank the date to mark weight changes.
  • Rarity: Common in most dates but rarer varieties like 1853-O without arrows stand out.

Type 4: Legend Obverse (1860–1873)

  • Key Features: The obverse legend replaced the stars, and the wreath was redesigned.
  • Rarity: Dates like 1863-S through 1869-S are elusive in higher grades.

Strategies for Collectors

  • Type Sets: Focus on securing one coin from each major design variation for a comprehensive collection.
  • Date and Mintmark Sets: Challenge yourself with a complete set featuring key rarities such as the 1870-S.
  • Proof Coins: Enhance your collection with select proof issues, especially from later years.

Historical Highlights

Adjustments in Production

  • 1853 Weight Reduction: Rising silver prices prompted a decrease in coin weight, signified by arrows at the date.
  • 1873 Transition: The Liberty Seated Half Dime was discontinued, replaced by the copper-nickel five-cent coin.

The Legendary 1870-S Half Dime

One of the most elusive coins in U.S. numismatics, the 1870-S Half Dime is a centerpiece of advanced collections, valued for its unique status and history.

Why Collect Liberty Seated Half Dimes?

The Liberty Seated Half Dime series offers a rich tapestry of American history and artistry. With its varied designs and historical significance, this series caters to both novice and seasoned collectors.

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